ObjectMapper类

ObjectMapper类

前言

ObjectMapper类是Jackson库的主要类。它提供一些功能将转换成Java对象匹配JSON结构,反之亦然

使用方式

使用Jackson,首先需要相关的jar包。对于使用maven的,需要添加以下依赖:

com.fasterxml.jackson.core

jackson-databind

2.9.5

com.fasterxml.jackson.core

jackson-core

2.9.5

com.fasterxml.jackson.core

jackson-annotations

2.9.5

实例演示

Java对象转换为JSON对象 json对象转化为java 对象

ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();

//序列化的时候序列对象的所有属性

objectMapper.setSerializationInclusion(Include.ALWAYS);

// 如果json中有新增的字段并且是实体类类中不存在的,不报错

//objectMapper.configure( DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);

//反序列化的时候如果多了其他属性,不抛出异常

objectMapper.configure(DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);

//如果是空对象的时候,不抛异常

objectMapper.configure(SerializationFeature.FAIL_ON_EMPTY_BEANS, false);

//取消时间的转化格式,默认是时间戳,可以取消,同时需要设置要表现的时间格式

objectMapper.configure(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS, false);

objectMapper.setDateFormat(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"))

PS:还需要注意,如果ObjectMapper的configure设置FAIL_ON_EMPTY_BEANS为false,那么对应的实体类的属性没有get方法也不会抛出异常,但是这个属性默认的是true,即必须要有get方法,这个需要注意。

public class ObjectMapperTest {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();

objectMapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.ALWAYS);

objectMapper.configure(SerializationFeature.FAIL_ON_EMPTY_BEANS, true);

Person person = new Person(1, "tom", "123");

String jsonString = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(person);

System.out.println("JsonString: " + jsonString);

Person person1 = objectMapper.readValue(jsonString, Person.class);

System.out.println(person1.toString());

}

}

Java数组对象和JSON数组对象之间的转换

public static void getListData() {

ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();

//Java数组转换为JSON数组

Person person = new Person(1, "tom", "123");

Person person1 = new Person(2, "jack", "123445");

List personList = new ArrayList<>();

personList.add(person);

personList.add(person1);

String jsonString = null;

try {

//Json数组转换为Java数组

jsonString = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(personList);

System.out.println("JsonString List: " + jsonString);

//JavaType

JavaType javaType = objectMapper.getTypeFactory().constructParametricType(List.class, Person.class);

List list = objectMapper.readValue(jsonString, javaType);

//打印出list中的值

for (Person person2 : list) {

System.out.println(person2.toString());

}

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

参考:

封装对象User

package com.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class User implements Serializable {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

private String userName;

private String age;

private String sex;

private String email;

private String phone;

public User() {

super();

}

public User(String userName, String age, String sex, String email, String phone) {

super();

this.userName = userName;

this.age = age;

this.sex = sex;

this.email = email;

this.phone = phone;

}

public String getUserName() {

return userName;

}

public void setUserName(String userName) {

this.userName = userName;

}

public String getAge() {

return age;

}

public void setAge(String age) {

this.age = age;

}

public String getSex() {

return sex;

}

public void setSex(String sex) {

this.sex = sex;

}

public String getEmail() {

return email;

}

public void setEmail(String email) {

this.email = email;

}

public String getPhone() {

return phone;

}

public void setPhone(String phone) {

this.phone = phone;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return "User{" +

"userName='" + userName + '\'' +

", age='" + age + '\'' +

", sex='" + sex + '\'' +

", email='" + email + '\'' +

", phone='" + phone + '\'' +

'}';

}

}

ObjectMapper 对象预处理

public static ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

//涉及到一下问题需要预处理,否则直接在引用时new new ObjectMapper();即可

static {

// 转换为格式化的json

mapper .enable( SerializationFeature.INDENT_OUTPUT);

// 如果json中有新增的字段并且是实体类类中不存在的,不报错

mapper .configure( DeserializationFeature.FAIL_ON_UNKNOWN_PROPERTIES, false);

}

ObjectMapper -> write (写)

//将对象信息写入指定文件

mapper.writeValue(new File("C:\\Users\\Chyb\\Desktop\\新建文本文档.txt"), user);

//将对象信息写到控制台

mapper.writeValue(System.out, user);

//将Map对象转换为JSON字符串(对象为Object对象,均可以转换为JOSN串)

String str = mapper.writeValueAsString( map )

String str = objectMapper.writeValueAsString( list );

//将对象转换为JSON串,依赖于对象中封装的get、set方法(没有get、set方法会报JSON转换异常)

String userJSON = mapper.writeValueAsString( user );

//将对象转换为byte数组

byte[] bytes = objectMapper.writeValueAsBytes( u );

//如果转换的对象中有日期元素,在mapper对象中填装时间格式化属性,那么接下来用mapper对下对象转换过的对象,转换后时间元素会被格式化,如果在填装时间格式化属性之前则不会格式化生效

mapper.setDateFormat( new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));

ObjectMapper -> read (读)

//读取JSON数据转换实体对象,依赖于实体对象的无参构造方法,无参构造方法不存在则会报JSON序列化异常

User u = mapper.readValue( userJSON, User.class );

//读取文件内容,转换为实体对象

User fileUser = objectMapper.readValue( new File( "C:\\Users\\Chyb\\Desktop\\新建文本文档.txt" ), User.class );

//读取文件内容,转换为Map对象

Map map = objectMapper.readValue( new File( "C:\\Users\\Chyb\\Desktop\\新建文本文档.txt" ), Map.class );

//读取byte数组,填装至实体对象

User user = objectMapper.readValue( bytes, User.class );

参考原文:https://blog.csdn.net/scdncby/article/details/83506619

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